| |
Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease |
| |
|
| |
The four major symptoms of Parkinson's
disease are:
|
| |
|
| |
- Rigidity
- stiffness when the arm, leg, or neck are moved
- Resting
tremor - tremor most prominent at rest, when sitting quietly
- Bradykinesia
- slowness in initiating movement which may contribute to decreased
facial expression, change in speech pattern, shuffling gait, smaller-lettered
handwriting, trouble with fine finger movements
- Loss
of postural reflexes - poor balance and coordination
|
| |
In addition, a number of other findings
that are associated with Parkinson's disease include mask like face,
micrographia, emotional lability, depression, sleep problems and
change in speech pattern.
|
| |
|
| |
Not every one with Parkinson's disease
experiences the same symptoms. The speed at which symptoms appear
in each individual also differs. Hence few people have an accelerated
progress of the disease where as some people remains static and
slowly progressive in their disease. The disease is never symmetrical
on both the sides. It usually affects one side of the body first
followed by the involvement of the other side of the body at the
later stage.
|
| |
|
| |
About 60% of the people with Parkinson's
disease experience resting tremor. Symptoms often begin with occasional
trembling of one hand that gradually becomes constant. The tremor
can progress to the other hand, to the legs and occasionally to
the face. However in some patients first manifestation of the disease
is bradykinesia i.e. slowness of body activities.
|
| |
|
| |
There are many other diseases that
can present with parkinsonian symptoms. However they are different
in their progress, response to treatment and outcome, than Parkinson's
disease. This includes diseases like multi-system atrophy, progressive
supranuclear palsy (PSP), cortico-basal ganglionic degeneration
(CBGD), etc.
|
| |
|
| |
Although tremors would seem to be
the biggest problem with the people suffering from Parkinson's disease,
the most frustrating symptoms are the symptoms associated with slow
movements and gait disturbances. As a result, people with this disease
often have trouble dressing, handling utensils, eating, and with
personal hygiene. They may also experience difficulty in rising
from chair, turning in bed, or getting in and out of car. Without
treatment, pronounced disability occurs in about 9 years. However
current symptomatic medication may control progression and patients
continue to do well longer.
|
| |
|
| |
There
are no laboratory tests or radiological investigations to diagnose
Parkinson's disease. The diagnosis of the disease still remains a
clinical judgment. The Parkinson's disease disabilities can be assessed
by Unified
Parkinson's disease rating score (UPDRS), Schwab
and England activities of daily living score and Hoehn
and Yahr scoring. |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Top
|